離心其實是物體慣性的(de)表現,比如雨(yu)(yu)傘(san)上的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)滴(di),當雨(yu)(yu)傘(san)緩(huan)慢轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時,水(shui)(shui)(shui)滴(di)會(hui)跟隨雨(yu)(yu)傘(san)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),這是因為(wei)雨(yu)(yu)傘(san)與(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)滴(di)的(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦力(li)做(zuo)為(wei)給水(shui)(shui)(shui)滴(di)的(de)向心力(li)使(shi)然。但是如果雨(yu)(yu)傘(san)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)加快(kuai),這個摩(mo)(mo)擦力(li)不足以使(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)滴(di)在做(zuo)圓(yuan)周運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),那(nei)么水(shui)(shui)(shui)滴(di)將(jiang)脫離雨(yu)(yu)傘(san)向外緣(yuan)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),就象用一根繩子拉著石塊(kuai)做(zuo)圓(yuan)周運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),如果速度太快(kuai),繩子將(jiang)會(hui)斷(duan)開,石塊(kuai)將(jiang)會(hui)飛出。這個就是所謂(wei)的(de)離心。
(1)葉輪被泵軸帶動旋轉,對位于葉片間的流體做功,流體受離心作用,由葉輪中心被拋向外圍。當流體到達葉輪外周時,流速非常高。
(2)泵殼匯集從各葉片間被拋出的液體,這些液體在殼內順著蝸殼形通道逐漸擴大的方向流動,使流體的動能轉化為靜壓能,減小能量損失。所以泵殼的作用不僅在于匯集液體,它更是一個能量轉換裝置。
(3)液體吸上原理:依靠葉(xie)輪(lun)(lun)高(gao)速旋轉,迫使(shi)葉(xie)輪(lun)(lun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心的液體以(yi)很高(gao)的速度被拋(pao)開,從而在(zai)葉(xie)輪(lun)(lun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心形成低壓,低位槽中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的液體因此(ci)被源源不斷(duan)地吸上。